XyDromatics Encounter Engine Specialized engine · Encounter-driven workflow

XyDromatics™ Encounter Engine — no more orphan studies.

The encounter-driven imaging engine. Solves the orphan- study problem for POCUS, bedside ultrasound, ED / ICU imaging, intra-operative imaging, trauma bay, and any imaging where a clinician scans a patient without a pre-existing order in the EMR. Receives DICOM, matches against HL7 ADT, gates on mandatory human verification, forwards to PACS / VNA, back-fills the EMR with HL7 ORM or FHIR ServiceRequest. The encounter loop, closed.

Same family-platform features as the rest of the router- pattern hosts — keyed-hash pseudonymization, built-in shared site encryption key when deployed alongside other Synthology products.

Identifiers & classification

Classification
Non-device software
Product code
N/A
Statute
§520(o)(1)(D)
FDA listing
Not required (§520(o)(1)(D))
Regulatory boundary
Mandatory human-verification gate keeps this non-device software
Full regulatory posture →

The orphan-study problem

When imaging happens before the order does.

Traditional radiology workflow assumes a specific order: EMR-side order placed first, patient identified and ordered, modality acquires per the order, study lands in PACS attached to the order, radiologist reads, report flows back to the EMR. Clean. Linear. Easy to bill.

POCUS, bedside ultrasound, ED imaging, ICU imaging, intra- operative imaging, trauma bay imaging, and outpatient point-of-care workflows all break that assumption. The clinician scans the patient first; the order (if it ever gets entered) comes later. The study lands in PACS as an orphan — no order to attach to, often no proper patient ID match, no billing capture, EMR has no record the imaging happened.

Without Encounter Engine

  • Orphan studies in PACS, hard to find
  • Lost billing revenue (no order = no charge)
  • EMR doesn’t know the imaging happened
  • Clinical attribution unclear
  • Manual cleanup eats clinical-IT time

With Encounter Engine

  • Orphans caught at intake, before PACS
  • Clinician verifies patient match in seconds
  • EMR back-filled with HL7 ORM / FHIR ServiceRequest
  • Order + accession exist in the EMR, so the encounter is billable
  • Verified study lands in PACS properly tagged

Capabilities

Catch the orphan, verify the patient, close the loop.

Six capability areas covering the full encounter-driven workflow: DICOM ingest, ADT matching, the mandatory human- verification gate, EMR back-fill, downstream forwarding, and the family-wide platform features that come with every router-pattern host.

DICOM ingest from any modality

Same DICOM ingest surface as the rest of the family. Modalities don't need any special integration — they just send their imaging where they always have, and Encounter Engine becomes the front door.

  • C-STORE SCP for any DICOM-conformant modality
  • Per-AE-Title access control with configurable allowlists
  • Backpressure semantics during burst-load periods
  • No modality-side configuration changes required

HL7 ADT matching

The ADT feed tells Encounter Engine who the patient IS — an encounter-identity index built from the identity-bearing events, not a bed map. Match incoming imaging against it to surface candidate encounters for a person to confirm.

  • HL7 v2 ADT subscription over MLLP (A01 admit, A04 register, A05 pre-admit, A08 update, A28 / A31 person add-update, A40 merge)
  • Rolling encounter-identity cache with configurable retention (default 14 days)
  • C-FIND propose-only lookup as a fallback when the ADT cache has no match
  • Deterministic scoring — exact Patient ID (100), exact accession (90), name plus date of birth (70), name only (50), most-recent ADT breaks ties
  • Multi-candidate disambiguation when ADT shows multiple patients in scope
  • No-match fallback to manual identification

Mandatory human-verification gate

The regulated boundary that keeps this product non-device software. A clinician confirms patient identity before the study moves downstream. Engine never auto-attributes.

  • Clinician-facing UI shows ADT-matched candidate(s) and the imaging in question
  • Required confirmation step (no time-saving auto-bypass)
  • Reason text required when rejecting or quarantining a study
  • Audit trail records the verifying clinician's identity, timestamp, and chosen match
  • Verification is a one-way commit — once accepted the study is stamped and forwarded; corrections are made in the receiving PACS / VNA and EMR
  • Quarantine queue for studies where no confidence-eligible match exists

EMR back-fill (the encounter loop)

Once a study is verified, Encounter Engine generates the order retroactively in the EMR — closing the loop that started without an order in the first place.

  • HL7 ORM^O01 generation back to the EMR (creates the order retrospectively)
  • FHIR ServiceRequest generation as alternative to HL7 v2
  • Universal service ID derived from the study modality (e.g. US^US STUDY), with a generic DICOM_STUDY fallback
  • Order and accession created in the EMR, so the encounter becomes billable through the EMR's own revenue cycle
  • Audit trail captures every back-fill with reason text
  • Order-response reconciliation (Placer / Filler accession) with a timeout that parks the study in an order-exception queue for operator re-send

Forward to PACS / VNA after verification

Verified-and-tagged studies flow to the standard archive destinations with proper patient ID, accession number, and order linkage now attached.

  • C-STORE SCU forwarding to PACS / VNA
  • Tag transformation during forward (apply the verified patient ID + accession number)
  • Multi-destination fan-out (PACS + VNA + AI vendor concurrent forwarding)
  • Failed-forward retry with dead-letter queue
  • Audit trail end-to-end

Family-platform features

Same family-wide platform features as the rest of the router-pattern hosts.

  • Keyed-hash pseudonymization with shared site encryption key
  • Reversible pseudonymization — the re-identification map, customer ID and key version travel sealed inside the study, for restoration by a product that implements the de-anonymization leg
  • AI-vendor PHI shielding on the outbound leg — keyed-hash pseudonymization per destination
  • Web administration UI with shared sidebar shell
  • Role-based access control with full permission catalog
  • HIPAA audit log (structured JSON, ring-buffered) with append-only, month-rotated 6-year compliance archive (45 CFR 164.316(b)(2))

See it

Every bedside study, identified — on screen.

Live captures from a running installation — click any screen to enlarge it.

01

Verification queue

Bedside studies that arrived with a name and date of birth but no MRN wait here, identifiers masked until a verifier chooses to reveal them.

02

Verify an encounter

Open a study: the DICOM preview (display-only, never for diagnosis), the ADT candidates the match engine scored, and the 3-column diff — what the probe sent, what the feed proposes, what the verifier commits with Accept & Send.

03

ADT cache

Registrations and updates from the HL7 ADT feed, kept for a configurable window so the match engine always has current visits to propose.

04

Data flow

Sources, the ADT feed, the verifier step and every forward destination on one live map.

Architecture

Three inputs, one verification gate, two outputs.

The diagram below shows the encounter-loop closure. Modalities feed imaging; the EMR feeds ADT context; clinicians confirm matches at the gate; verified studies forward to PACS / VNA; the EMR receives the back-filled order.

XyDromatics Encounter Engine architecture Modalities (POCUS, bedside US, ED imaging, ICU imaging, intra-op imaging, trauma bay) feed DICOM into the Encounter Engine. The EMR feeds HL7 ADT context. The engine matches imaging against ADT-derived patient location, presents candidates at a mandatory human-verification gate, and after clinician confirmation forwards the verified study to PACS/VNA and emits HL7 ORM^O01 (or FHIR ServiceRequest) back to the EMR — closing the encounter loop. MODALITIES EMR (ADT IN) Imaging input POCUS · bedside US ED · ICU imaging Intra-op imaging Trauma bay Point-of-care clinic imaging DICOM C-STORE EMR ADT context Epic / Cerner / others HL7 ADT subscription A01 · A04 · A05 · A08 · A28 · A31 · A40 C-FIND fallback lookup recent encounter identities, cached XyDromatics Encounter Engine Non-device software 1. ADT match candidate patient(s) by location 2. Mandatory human-verification gate clinician confirms identity · audit-trailed no auto-attribution 3. Forward + back-fill PACS/VNA + EMR ORM/ServiceRequest Family features: keyed-hash anon · shared site encryption key verified study retroactive order PACS / VNA Verified study with proper accession + patient ID C-STORE SCU EMR (back-fill) Retroactive order created HL7 ORM^O01 · FHIR ServiceRequest

Use cases

Six encounter-driven workflows.

The same orphan-study problem shows up across many clinical contexts. The patterns below cover the most common deployment shapes; institutions typically combine two or three.

Pattern 1

POCUS (point-of-care ultrasound) at the bedside

The defining use case. A hospitalist, intensivist, or ED physician grabs a portable ultrasound, scans a patient at the bedside, and walks away. Without Encounter Engine, that study lands in PACS as an orphan: no order, no billing capture, no record in the EMR. Encounter Engine closes the loop.

Flow

  1. 1 Clinician scans patient with portable ultrasound (no pre-existing order)
  2. 2 Modality emits DICOM to Encounter Engine
  3. 3 Engine looks up candidate encounters in the rolling ADT identity cache by Patient ID, accession number, and name plus date of birth
  4. 4 Clinician sees candidate match(es) in the verification UI, confirms patient identity
  5. 5 Engine generates HL7 ORM^O01 back to EMR (order created retroactively)
  6. 6 Verified study forwarded to PACS / VNA with proper accession number + patient ID
  7. 7 EMR shows the encounter has imaging; revenue cycle captures the charge
Pattern 2

ED bedside imaging

The ED is a chaotic environment where pre-ordering imaging isn't always feasible — a trauma comes in, the FAST exam happens before anyone enters an order. Encounter Engine catches the orphan study at intake, verifies the patient, and back-fills the order so the encounter is complete in the EMR.

Flow

  1. 1 Patient arrives in ED, FAST or other point-of-care exam performed before formal order
  2. 2 Modality (portable US, X-ray, etc.) emits DICOM to Encounter Engine
  3. 3 Engine matches the study against the cached ADT identity events and surfaces the candidate ED encounters
  4. 4 ED clinician verifies match in the UI (often the same clinician who did the exam)
  5. 5 EMR ORM^O01 back-fills the order
  6. 6 Study forwards to PACS / VNA with proper attribution
Pattern 3

ICU bedside imaging

ICU patients receive frequent bedside imaging (chest X-ray, US for line placement, etc.) where the imaging often happens before the EMR-side order catches up. Same pattern: catch at the engine, verify, back-fill the order.

Flow

  1. 1 ICU bedside imaging happens (chest film, US line-placement, etc.)
  2. 2 Modality emits DICOM to Encounter Engine
  3. 3 Engine matches against the cached ADT identity events; each candidate carries its patient location, so the bedside RN can tell the right patient apart
  4. 4 Bedside RN or RT verifies the patient match in the UI
  5. 5 EMR back-fill generates the order retrospectively
  6. 6 Study forwards to PACS / VNA
Pattern 4

Intra-operative imaging

Sterile-field intra-operative imaging (C-arm fluoroscopy, intra-op US, intra-op MRI / CT) often happens without an EMR-side order because the surgeon can't step away from the field to enter one. Encounter Engine handles the orphan-study cleanup post-procedure.

Flow

  1. 1 Intra-op imaging happens during a procedure
  2. 2 Modality emits DICOM to Encounter Engine
  3. 3 Engine matches the study against the cached ADT identity events for the surgical encounter (ADT only — SIU scheduling messages are acknowledged but not cached)
  4. 4 Verification happens post-procedure (circulating nurse or surgeon-of-record)
  5. 5 EMR back-fill generates the order against the surgical encounter
  6. 6 Study forwards to PACS / VNA, attached to the right surgical case
Pattern 5

Trauma bay imaging

Trauma activations are urgent: a trauma patient needs imaging immediately, and the formal order placement happens later. Encounter Engine keeps the imaging from going orphan during the time-critical window.

Flow

  1. 1 Trauma activation, patient arrives in trauma bay
  2. 2 Imaging (CT, X-ray, FAST US) happens immediately
  3. 3 Modality emits DICOM with whatever placeholder demographics the tech entered
  4. 4 Engine matches against the cached ADT identity events, including the John-Doe registration
  5. 5 Trauma team member verifies match (often a tech or RN who knows the patient)
  6. 6 EMR back-fill creates the trauma-encounter orders post-hoc
  7. 7 Studies forward to PACS / VNA, properly attached
Pattern 6

Outpatient point-of-care workflows

Outpatient clinics increasingly do point-of-care imaging (cardiology echo for new-symptom evaluation, MSK ultrasound during a clinic visit, primary-care POCUS). Same orphan-study problem; same fix.

Flow

  1. 1 Clinic visit triggers point-of-care imaging during the encounter
  2. 2 Modality emits DICOM to Encounter Engine
  3. 3 Engine matches against the cached ADT identity events for the clinic encounter (ADT only — scheduling feeds are not consumed)
  4. 4 Clinician verifies patient match
  5. 5 EMR back-fill generates the order against the clinic encounter
  6. 6 Study forwards to PACS / VNA, attached to the clinic encounter

Integration points

Modalities, EMR, archive — three integration surfaces.

Imaging input (modalities)

  • Portable ultrasound (POCUS) — any DICOM-conformant US scanner
  • ED bedside imaging — portable US, portable X-ray
  • ICU bedside imaging — portable chest X-ray, US for line placement
  • OR / intra-op — C-arm fluoroscopy, intra-op US, intra-op MRI / CT
  • Trauma bay — any modality emitting DICOM
  • Outpatient point-of-care — clinic-deployed US, echo, MSK
  • Any DICOM-conformant SCU emitting C-STORE

EMR integration (ADT in, ORM out)

  • HL7 v2 ADT subscription (A01 / A04 / A05 / A08 / A28 / A31 / A40) for patient-identity resolution
  • C-FIND propose-only lookup as a fallback when the ADT cache has no match
  • HL7 ORM^O01 outbound for retroactive order creation
  • FHIR ServiceRequest outbound as alternative to HL7 v2
  • Epic + Cerner are the two EMRs we've done this against most often; HL7 v2 / FHIR conformance means any EMR with those interfaces is integrable
  • Order and accession created in the EMR, so the encounter becomes billable through the institution's existing revenue cycle

Downstream archive

  • PACS via C-STORE SCU forwarding
  • XyDromatics Repository / Clinical / Research / Clinical Research
  • Any DICOM-conformant VNA via C-STORE SCU
  • AI vendor endpoints for downstream analysis (with PHI-shielding via family-wide round-trip if applicable)

Cross-product orchestration

  • Shared site encryption key (consistent anon-IDs across the customer's portfolio)
  • XyDromatics Router can forward orphan studies to Encounter Engine for verification before they hit PACS
  • Encounter Engine can forward verified studies through the rest of the family for further routing / archive
  • SynthQMS integration for verification-workflow change control

Identity, audit, observability

  • Local accounts, or LDAP / Active Directory bind for the web admin UI
  • Per-verification audit trail entries (verifying user identity, timestamp, committed identity fields)
  • Append-only HIPAA audit log — count-capped ring with archive-before-evict to a durable 6-year store (45 CFR 164.316(b)(2))
  • Read-only audit API (/api/audit) plus the on-disk audit log, for SIEM collection
  • Operational metrics on /api/health, consumed by SynthIQ and the SynthGateway engineer console
  • Structured Serilog logging to console and rolling files
  • SMTP alerts on terminal forward failure and disk-watermark crossings (hourly-throttled)

Availability

One instance, and that is deliberate.

Encounter Engine is a stateful workflow application. Every study, ADT record, pending order and audit entry lives in one encrypted local catalog, and a clinician’s verification click is the step that moves work forward. That is what the human-verification gate rests on, so the availability question here is not how many run in parallel — it is how fast one comes back with nothing lost.

The catalog is crash-durable, so a restart resumes exactly where it left off. A study caught mid-receive re-arms rather than being lost, failed downstream forwards retry automatically against an append-only attempt log, and a placer order that returns after a restart still reconciles against the encounter it belongs to.

We will not tell you to run two behind a load balancer. Two instances would hold two divergent halves of one workflow, and the verification gate would stop meaning what it says.

System requirements & sizing

Sized to verified-encounter volume.

Encounter Engine sizing follows the verified-encounter volume per day. The verification gate is the throughput floor — even a low-spec deployment can handle thousands of encounters a day at human-verification speed (the gate isn’t the bottleneck; clinician availability is).

Tier Encounter volume CPU RAM Typical site
Small (single department) < 100 verified encounters / day 4 vCPU 8 GB ED-only or ICU-only deployment, single-department POCUS workflow.
Medium (hospital-wide) 100 – 500 verified encounters / day 8 vCPU 16 GB Hospital-wide deployment covering ED + ICU + OR + outpatient point-of-care.
Large (multi-site) 500 – 2,000 verified encounters / day 16 vCPU (single node) 32 GB per node Multi-hospital health system, multi-site POCUS programs, busy academic ED + ICU.
Enterprise > 2,000 verified encounters / day 32 vCPU (single node) 64 GB per node Large IDN with distributed POCUS programs across many sites.

Licensing

Three packages.

Encounter Engine ships as one binary under one licence, and a valid licence enables every capability it has — DICOM ingest, ADT matching, the verification gate, PACS / VNA forwarding, EMR back-fill by HL7 ORM^O01 or FHIR R4 ServiceRequest, and keyed-hash pseudonymization on export. What varies commercially is how many installations the licence covers and what services wrap it.

Single site

One facility. The licence names how many Encounter Engine installations it covers.

  • Every capability the engine ships
  • DICOM ingest, ADT matching and the human-verification gate
  • EMR back-fill by HL7 ORM^O01 or FHIR R4 ServiceRequest
  • Keyed-hash pseudonymization on export, per destination
  • Standard support

Multi-site

Several facilities under one agreement, with the install count sized to the estate.

  • Everything in Single site
  • Site-discounted install pricing
  • Cross-product site-key sharing across the XyDromatics family
  • Deployment and EMR-integration services available

Enterprise

An entitlement to deploy without an install ceiling, plus the Enterprise services tier.

  • Everything in Multi-site
  • No install ceiling — deploy as the estate grows
  • Managed service — Synthology-operated monitoring and response
  • Contracted support response commitments

Per-deployment licensing. Multi-product bundles (Encounter Engine + Router + archive family + other engines) get bundle pricing and shared site-key provisioning.

Documentation

The controlled-document set.

Current GA release v1.0.1.146 · released 2026-08-05

Every Encounter Engine deployment ships with the documents below, all managed under SynthQMS document control. The DICOM Conformance Statement is publicly available; the rest are shared under mutual NDA.

What’s new·v1.0.1.146

At-rest encryption for staged studies

  • Inbound study-staging data is encrypted at rest under the customer key hierarchy.
  • Support-role sessions cannot access patient data — enforced by access control.
  • Ships with the approved EULA and refreshed documentation, and clears a full QA and security-test pass.
Document Title Notes
DOC-2026-311 Hardware & Software Requirements (Encounter Engine) Sizing, OS support, dependencies
DOC-2026-312 DICOM Conformance Statement (Encounter Engine) Public — full SOP class + transfer-syntax matrix
DOC-2026-314 EULA Annex (Encounter Engine) Annex to the Synthology Master EULA (DOC-2026-063)
DOC-2026-308 Penetration Test Results (Encounter Engine) Available under NDA
DOC-2026-399 QA Runner Manual (Encounter Engine) Internal QA + customer-validated test runs
DOC-2026-183 User Guide (Encounter Engine) Operator + clinician + administrator workflows
DOC-2026-313 Installation Guide (Encounter Engine) MSI deploy + Linux tarball install + EMR integration setup

Additional documents

Encounter Engine-specific documents beyond the standard set. Items marked Pending are tracked for authoring under SynthQMS change control.

Document Title Notes
DOC-2026-408 HL7 v2 / FHIR Conformance (Encounter Engine) ADT subscription + ORM^O01 emission specs
DOC-2026-409 Verification Workflow Specification (Encounter Engine) How the human-verification gate functions; clinician training material

Frequently asked

The questions clinical IT asks.

What is "POCUS-style encounter workflow" and what problem does it solve?

POCUS = point-of-care ultrasound -- bedside ultrasound performed by a clinician (hospitalist, intensivist, ED physician) without a pre-existing order in the EMR. The traditional radiology workflow assumes the order exists first, then the imaging happens. POCUS reverses that: imaging first, no order. The study lands in PACS as an "orphan" -- no order to attach to, no patient ID match, no billing capture, EMR doesn't know the imaging happened. Multiply that across an ED, ICU, OR, and clinic and you have meaningful revenue leakage and incomplete patient records. Encounter Engine catches the orphan, verifies the patient via human-confirmed ADT match, back-fills the EMR order retroactively, and forwards the cleaned-up study to the archive.

Why a mandatory human-verification gate? Why not auto-match?

Two reasons. Regulatory: the human gate is what keeps this product on the Non-device software side of the line. Auto-attribution of imaging to a patient without human verification crosses into clinical-decision territory that would push the regulatory classification up. Clinical: ADT matching gives candidates, but wrong-patient errors at the verification stage are clinically significant. A clinician confirming "yes, this is patient X" is the right safeguard. Engine never auto-attributes; the gate is mandatory and audit-trailed.

How does ADT matching actually work?

Encounter Engine subscribes to the EMR's HL7 v2 ADT feed over MLLP and caches the identity-bearing events: A01 admit, A04 register, A05 pre-admit, A08 update, A28 and A31 person add and update, and A40 patient merge. That cache is an encounter-identity index, not a bed map — it answers who this patient is, not which room they are in. When an unidentified study arrives, the engine looks up candidate encounters and presents them in the verification UI with enough context for a person to accept one or reject the study. A merge event re-points the affected identities rather than leaving a stale match behind.

What if the wrong patient is selected during verification?

The hash-chained audit trail records every verification with the verifying user's identity, the timestamp, and the committed identity fields (patient ID, name, date of birth, sex, accession) — enough to answer who stamped what onto which study. Verification is a one-way commit: once a study is accepted it is stamped and forwarded, and Encounter Engine does not re-open it. A mis-attribution found downstream is corrected in the receiving systems — the PACS / VNA and the EMR — through their own correction workflows; Encounter Engine emits new orders only (ORC-1 = NW), never cancellations. A study caught before acceptance can be rejected or quarantined, both of which require reason text.

How does Encounter Engine integrate with Epic / Cerner specifically?

Standard HL7 v2 / FHIR interfaces -- ADT subscription inbound, ORM^O01 / ServiceRequest outbound. Both Epic and Cerner expose these natively; the integration is straightforward HL7 / FHIR work, not vendor-specific custom development. Encounter Engine creates the order and accession in the EMR, so the encounter becomes billable through the EMR's own revenue cycle rather than through a charge tag emitted here. Any EMR exposing HL7 v2 or FHIR R4 works the same way.

Can Encounter Engine handle modalities that don't emit DICOM?

No. Encounter Engine is a DICOM-receive front door. Modalities that emit non-DICOM formats (proprietary US streaming, raw image files, etc.) need a converter upstream. For ultrasound specifically, modern POCUS scanners emit DICOM by default; older scanners or research-grade devices may need a DICOMization layer first.

How does the AI-vendor PHI-shielding workflow work here?

Same family-wide keying as the Router, the archive family, SR Engine, Migration Engine and Pathology Engine — one per-customer site key, so a patient resolves to the same pseudonym across every product you run. Encounter Engine performs the OUTBOUND leg: it pseudonymizes the verified study per destination on the way out, and seals the re-identification map, customer ID and key version inside the study itself. Restoring identity on the return leg is done by the product that receives the findings — the Router or an archive host — not by Encounter Engine. It is included with the product, not a licence tier.

What's the regulatory classification?

Non-device software under FD&C Act §520(o)(1)(D), the 21st Century Cures Act §3060 carve-out for software that transfers, stores, converts, or displays device data without interpreting or analyzing it. Same framework as the rest of the engines family. The mandatory human-verification gate is what keeps the product within the non-device carve-out -- auto-attribution of imaging to a patient without human confirmation would push the regulatory posture to a device classification; the gate preserves the storage-and-forwarding-without-clinical-interpretation framing of §520(o)(1)(D).

Is Encounter Engine cross-platform?

Yes -- Windows and Linux, same as the rest of the router-pattern family except for Pathology Engine. MSI installer for Windows, self-contained Linux tarball for Linux. Encounter Engine runs as a single instance; redundancy is delegated to the host OS cluster manager (WSFC on Windows, Pacemaker on Linux), so a standby pair is single-platform by construction.

Plan an encounter-driven workflow.

Tell us where the orphan-study problem hits hardest in your environment — POCUS, ED, ICU, OR, trauma, outpatient — and we’ll come back within one business day with a proposed deployment and EMR-integration approach.